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Showing posts with label King Kong. Show all posts
Showing posts with label King Kong. Show all posts

Monday, February 13, 2017

Did dinosaurs really scratch?




I love one aspect of the predatory dinosaur that I have not seen mentioned in the literature: before the fight, you see him scratching (or her? Females might have been larger and more fit to fight Kong). This scratching is a genial idea from the animators and forced me to ask if dinosaurs could scratch. Impossible to know? Actually not, and here I got my answer from famous ethologist and Nobel Prize winner Konrad Lorenz: scratching with a limb is a useful stereotyped behavior that appeared in our evolutionary time long before dinosaurs, with the first amphibians (Lorenz & Leyhausen, 1971). Why was it scratching? Perhaps because of the mosquitoes that I mentioned earlier?



Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989). Source: http://www.dabase.org/lorenz.htm
Birds in the Sumatra region are nearly three times as diverse as reptiles, so there probably were many species on Skull Island, but even though we listen to them we only get to see a few types:  some flying around when they reach the island, one that flies scared from a nest when Kong is about to place Ann on it (I could not identify this bird) and the vultures that fly above and feed on the Tyrannosaurus carcass.


Vultures flying above. Source: http://kingkong.wikia.com

I have a question for next week: why the dinosaurs did not suffer the size reduction typical of originally large animals when they colonize small islands?

Wednesday, February 8, 2017

Wrong for a century: King Kong never fought a T Rex!



The most memorable dinosaur from King Kong may be the Tyrannosaurus that he wrestles. The reptile was also correct according to the knowledge available at the time, with scales instead of feathers. According to audio commentary by Ray Harryhausen in the DVD edition of the film, it was not a Tyrannosaurus but an Allosaurus, but I will keep calling it Tyrannosaurus because the model was not anatomically detailed and because a Tyrannosaurus is what most people think they are watching.
Source: Wikimedia Commons
There is also a scene in which a pterosaur captures Ann but has difficulties taking flight with its heavy load, actually an impossible task for such an animal (the same error appears in 2015’s Jurassic World). If you pay attention you will notice that even though scientifically wrong, the scene recorded the beauty of Fay Wray’s legs for history.
Source: http://greenbriarpictureshows.blogspot.com/
I can imagine the plesiosaurs (from 66 million years before present, mybp) swimming to the island and the pterosaurs (from 80 mybp) reaching it on the wing, but the question of how the dinosaurs could have reached the island if this were a true story forced me to check the paleomaps for the Cretaceous and Jurassic periods. The Stegosaurus and Brontosaurus lived up to 150 mybp in the northern landmass of the time, so theoretically they could have walked to the area, but the Tyrannosaurus lived on a giant North American island 66 mybp so I see no feasible way for the carnivore to reach Skull Island, despite the land connections imagined by Valdron (2005). If you take Harryhausen’s statement that it was meant to be an Allosaurus, the problem disappears and its arrival is believable.


Source: http://bumbletubclub.blogspot.com/

Thursday, December 29, 2016

The meaning of King Kong's Enigmatic Chicken Cage



King Kong Island natives: why did they have that chicken cage?
Interesting questions for the ecologist, and for any open minded anthropologist, are:
  • Who were the natives and how did they get there? 
  • Why did they have a chicken cage?
In the story they were Sumatrans, but in the movie the actors were African Americans because Sumatran actors were not easy to find in Hollywood (Haber, 2005). Anyway, there is a mix of African and Asian DNA in the Pacific region, and the fact remains that for the typical American viewer the requirements for “natives” are not stringent. 

In the first ceremony, the skipper says that their language is related to that of Nias (a real island which does have its own language despite its tiny size: Zimmer, 2006).  Their culture also matches what used to exist in Nias, with villages run by chiefs, large constructions −megalithic, not made of wood− and the concept of selling human beings (Kennedy, 1943; Zimmer, 2006).

 Source: Movepins.com

Is the demographic structure of the village reasonable? 
Yes, if you look carefully you will see a variety of ages and types, including children, elders and overweight people. They have basic human technologies such as pottery, basketry, ladders and torches, and are even more advanced than many Latin American countries of the time, where rural people were barefooted, my grandfather included; Kong’s natives wear sandals (not the small children, in accordance with custom in primitive societies, who are often nearly unclad). In a realistic way, they also use different clothes for ceremonies (grass skirts) and daily life (fabric skirts that in the case of young women are short and show the legs).

The culture looks African if you consider the oval war shields and the headdresses. On the other hand, the flower and feather ornaments, royal cloaks, canoe stabilizers and houses are consistent with Pacific island cultures (see Kennedy, 1943). The cloaks reminded me of Hawaiian ahuúla feather cloaks, but the coconut brassier worn by actress Etta McDaniel is pure Hollywood fiction (see McAvoy, 2012).



Source: monsterkidclassichorrorforum.yuku.com

I may be said that the natives could not survive in real life because they did not have access to most of the island and because you see no fishing boats or crop fields. But when Kong goes through the door, one of the villagers falls on a cage, setting free more than a dozen hens. This led me to wonder how the natives fed themselves and I noticed that their village looks like the very viable and real villages of Amerindians that I have visited in Central America. 

For many years Amerindian groups made a living in coastal rainforest, without large crop fields, thanks to a combination of forest plants and animals, and they fished from land (not from boats); these resources were complemented later with introduced animals like chickens like the ones in the film. So Kong’s islanders had an advanced economic system marked the ownership of chickens.

"Kong’s islanders had an advanced economic system marked the ownership of chickens."

Before King Kong, directors Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack had shown villagers building high walls against dangerous animals in their 1927 documentary Chang: A Drama of the Wilderness, so it is not surprising that in King Kong they present a tall wall, rather than moats or other defenses.


Source: Wikipedia.

In the next post:
The dinosaurs of Skull Island: how did they get there?

Monday, December 19, 2016

Surprise: we know exactly where King Kong's Skull Island is located



Sorpresa: sabemos exactamente donde está la Isla de King Kong

Surprise: we know exactly where King Kong's Skull Island is located

There is no question of where the island is located or about its shape, because a map with coordinates appears clearly in the 1933 version; it is west of Sumatra and the film even mentions a monsoon season:

 Source: kingkong.wikia.com

Can an island in that location look like the one in the film? 

Well, yes. Because of the location, the monsoon that would affect Skull Island is the Indo-Australian Monsoon, a seasonal change of wind direction that starts in September, bringing stormy weather and floods; even though it is not common in tropical Pacific coasts, the fog that hides the island is a geographic possibility. In real life, islands in this area have large populations of mosquitoes, which we do not see in the film pestering Kong or villagers: there the film is not realistic.
The 1933 map shows a coral reef ring around the island; a sand bar in the south, where people live protected from Kong by a wall; and a larger area that is mostly lowland but has Skull Mountain in the northwest. The coral reef is typical of the region and heavy rains explain the erosion that produced the skull image when softer material was eroded from volcanic rock (Lindsey, 2011). All of this makes scientific sense, and if you look at the lower right of the screen in Kong’s cave you will see that the volcano that built the island is still active and has boiling mudpots. 



Source: Californiaherps.com
 
Also correctly, the lowlands have thick undergrowth and the highlands grow mosses; the island’s vegetation includes bananas, ferns, palms and bamboos, and differs from lowland to highland. Overall this island is credible even though a botanist might notice particular species that do not naturally grow on Pacific islands (have you ever asked why Tarzan rides Indian elephants in the films, instead of African ones? If you have, it shows that you have never tried to tame an African elephant!).
Even if we feel satisfied with this analysis about the ecology of Skull Island, bear in mind that the sets were not made specifically for King Kong, they were from The Most Dangerous Game, a film about an adventure in South America (Dohm, 2007).

In the next post we will find out why the Island natives had a bamboo cage full of chickens; and then move on to the DINOSAURS.

Para regresar periodicamente, guarda la dirección en tu calendario digital:
https://skullislandandkingkong.blogspot.com